CLXXXVIII   
   
   
If a man has this peace—not the peace proclaimed by Cæsar (how indeed should he have it to proclaim?), nay, but the peace proclaimed by God through reason, will not that suffice him when alone, when he beholds and reflects:—Now can no evil happen unto me; for me there is no robber, for me no earthquake; all things are full of peace, full of tranquillity; neither highway nor city nor gathering of men, neither neighbour nor comrade can do me hurt. Another supplies my food, whose care it is; another my raiment; another hath given me perceptions of sense and primary conceptions. And when He supplies my necessities no more, it is that He is sounding the retreat, that He hath opened the door, and is saying to thee, Come!—Whither? To nought that thou needest fear, but to the friendly kindred elements whence thou didst spring. Whatsoever of fire is in thee, unto fire shall return; whatsoever of earth, unto earth; of spirit, unto spirit; of water, unto water. There is no Hades, no fabled rivers of Sighs, of Lamentation, or of Fire: but all things are full of Beings spiritual and divine. With thoughts like these, beholding the Sun, Moon, and Stars, enjoying earth and sea, a man is neither helpless nor alone!     1   

CLXXXIX   
   
   
What wouldst thou be found doing when overtaken by Death? If I might choose, I would be found doing some deed of true humanity, of wide import, beneficent and noble. But if I may not be found engaged in aught so lofty, let me hope at least for this—what none may hinder, what is surely in my power—that I may be found raising up in myself that which had fallen; learning to deal more wisely with the things of sense; working out my own tranquillity, and thus rendering that which is its due to every relation of life….     1   
  If death surprise me thus employed, it is enough if I can stretch forth my hands to God and say, “The faculties which I received at Thy hands for apprehending this thine Administration, I have not neglected. As far as in me lay, I have done Thee no dishonour. Behold how I have used the senses, the primary conceptions which Thou gavest me. Have I ever laid anything to Thy charge? Have I ever murmured at aught that came to pass, or wished it otherwise? Have I in anything transgressed the relations of life? For that Thou didst beget me, I thank Thee for that Thou hast given: for the time during which I have used the things that were Thine, it suffices me. Take them back and place them wherever Thou wilt! They were all Thine, and Thou gavest them me.”—If a man depart thus minded, is it not enough? What life is fairer or more noble, what end happier than his?     2   

Appendix A. Fragments Attributed to Epictetus   
   
   
I

A LIFE entangled with Fortune is like a torrent. It is turbulent and muddy; hard to pass and masterful of mood: noisy and of brief continuance.     1   
   
II

The soul that companies with Virtue is like an ever-flowing source. It is a pure, clear, and wholesome draught; sweet, rich, and generous of its store; that injures not, neither destroys.     2   
   
III

It is a shame that one who sweetens his drink with the gifts of the bee, should embitter God’s gift Reason with vice.     3   
   
IV

Crows pick out the eyes of the dead, when the dead have no longer need of them; but flatterers mar the soul of the living, and her eyes they blind.     4   
   
V

Keep neither a blunt knife nor an ill-disciplined looseness of tongue.     5   
   
VI

Nature hath given men one tongue but two ears, that we may hear from others twice as much as we speak.     6   
   
VII

Do not give sentence in another tribunal till you have been yourself judged in the tribunal of Justice.     7   
   
VIII

It is shameful for a Judge to be judged by others.     8   
   
IX

Give me by all means the shorter and nobler life, instead of one that is longer but of less account!     9   
   
X

Freedom is the name of virtue: Slavery, of vice…. None is a slave whose acts are free.     10   
   
XI

Of pleasures, those which occur most rarely give the most delight.     11   
   
XII

Exceed due measure, and the most delightful things become the least delightful.     12   
   
XIII

The anger of an ape—the threat of a flatterer:—these deserve equal regard.     13   
   
XIV

Chastise thy passions that they avenge not themselves upon thee.     14   
   
XV

No man is free who is not master of himself.     15   
   
XVI

A ship should not ride on a single anchor, nor life on a single hope.     16   
   
XVII

Fortify thyself with contentment: that is an impregnable stronghold.     17   
   
XVIII

No man who is a lover of money, of pleasure, of glory, is likewise a lover of Men; but only he that is a lover of whatsoever things are fair and good.     18   
   
XIX

Think of God more often than thou breathest.     19   
   
XX

Choose the life that is noblest, for custom can make it sweet to thee.     20   
   
XXI

Let thy speech of God be renewed day by day, aye, rather than thy meat and drink.     21   
   
XXII

Even as the Sun doth not wait for prayers and incantations to rise, but shines forth and is welcomed by all: so thou also wait not for clapping of hands and shouts and praise to do thy duty; nay, do good of thine own accord, and thou wilt be loved like the Sun.     22   
   
XXIII

Let no man think that he is loved by any who loveth none.     23   
   
XXIV

If thou rememberest that God standeth by to behold and visit all that thou doest; whether in the body or in the soul, thou surely wilt not err in any prayer or deed; and thou shalt have God to dwell with thee.     24   
NOTE.—Schweighæuser’s great edition collects 181 fragments attributed to Epictetus, of which but a few are certainly genuine. Some (as xxi., xxiv., above) bear the stamp of Pythagorean origin; others, though changed in form, may well be based upon Epictetean sayings. Most have been preserved in the Anthology of John of Stobi (Stobæus), a Byzantine collector, of whom scarcely anything is known but that he probably wrote towards the end of the fifth century, and made his vast body of extracts from more than five hundred authors for his son’s use. The best examination of the authenticity of the Fragments is Quæstiones Epicteteae, by R. Asmus, 1888. The above selection includes some of doubtful origin but intrinsic interest.—Crossley.

Appendix B. The Hymn of Cleanthes   
   
   
CHIEFEST glory of deathless Gods, Almighty for ever,      
Sovereign of Nature that rulest by law, what Name shall we give Thee?—      
Blessed be Thou! for on Thee should call all things that are mortal.      
For that we are Thine offspring; nay, all that in myriad motion      
Lives for its day on the earth bears one impress—Thy likeness—upon it.           5   
Wherefore my song is of Thee, and I hymn Thy power for ever.      
   
Lo, the vast orb of the Worlds, round the Earth evermore as it rolleth,      
Feels Thee its Ruler and Guide, and owns Thy lordship rejoicing.      
Aye, for Thy conquering hands have a servant of living fire—      
Sharp is the bolt!—where it falls, Nature shrinks at the shock and doth shudder.           10   
Thus Thou directest the Word universal that pulses through all things,      
Mingling its life with Lights that are great and Lights that are lesser,      
E’en as besemeth its birth, High King through ages unending.      
   
Nought is done that is done without Thee in the earth or the waters      
Or in the heights of heaven, save the deed of the fool and the sinner.           15   
Thou canst make rough things smooth; at Thy Voice, lo, jarring disorder      
Moveth to music, and Love is born where hatred abounded.      
Thus hast Thou fitted alike things good and things evil together,      
That over all might reign one Reason, supreme and eternal;      
Though thereunto the hearts of the wicked be hardened and headless—           20   
Woe unto them!—for while ever their hands are grasping at good things,      
Blind are their eyes, yea, stopped are their ears to God’s Law universal,      
Calling through wise obedience to live the life that is noble.      
This they mark not, but heedless of right, turn each to his own way,      
Here, a heart fired with ambition, in strife and straining unhallowed;           25   
There, thrusting honour aside, fast set upon getting and gaining;      
Others again given over to lusts and dissolute softness,      
Working never God’s Law, but that which warreth upon it.      
   
Nay, but, O Giver of all things good, whose home is the dark cloud,      
Thou that wieldest Heaven’s bolt, save men from their ignorance grievous;           30   
Scatter its night from their souls, and grant them to come to that Wisdom      
Wherewithal, sistered with Justice, Thou rulest and governest all things;      
That we, honoured by Thee, may requite Thee with worship and honour,      
Evermore praising thy works, as is meet for men that shall perish;      
Seeing that none, be he mortal or God, hath privilege nobler           35   
Than without stint, without stay, to extol Thy Law universal.

Index for Reference   
   
   
Schweigh=Epicteteae Philosophiae Monumenta, Schweighæuser, Lips. 1799.
Schenkl=Epicteti Dissertationes, H. Schenkl, Ed. Minor, Lips. (Teubner), 1898.
Asmus=Quæstiones Epicteteae, R. Asmus, Friburg, 1888.


I. Arrian, Discourses i. 16, 15–19
II. ib. ii. 23, 36–39
III. ib. iv. 4, 26
IV. ib. iv. 12, 11–12
V. ib. iii. 23, 29
VI. ib. i. 7, 10
VII. ib. iv. 6, 20
VIII. ib. i. 2, 11–18
IX. ib. i. 3, 1–6
X. Fragment, quoted by M. Antoninus, iv. 441; Schweigh. clxxvi.
XI. Arrian, Disc. i. 18, 15
XII. ib. i. 29, 21
XIII. ib. i. 6, 19–22
XIV. ib. i. 6, 23–29
XV. ib. i. 9, 1
XVI. ib. i. 9, 4–7
XVII. ib. i. 9, 10–15
XVIII. ib. i. 9, 16–17
XIX. ib. i. 9, 18–22
XX. ib. i. 6, 37–43
XXI. ib. i. 9, 22
XXII. ib. i. 17, 27–28
XXIII. ib. i. 5, 3–5
XXIV. ib. i. 10, 1–10 (abbreviated)
XXV. ib. i. 9, 27–28
XXVI. ib. i. 12, 15–16
XXVII. ib. iv. 3, 1
XXVIII. ib. i. 12, 1–3
XXIX. ib. i. 12, 7–12
XXX. Fragment (from “Memoirs of Epict.”); Schweigh. lxxii.; Schenkl, 16
XXXI. Arrian, Disc. i. 12, 20–21
XXXII. ib. i. 12, 22–23
XXXIII. ib. i. 12, 26–27
XXXIV. ib. i. 13
XXXV. Fragment (Stobæus), Schweigh. xv.; Schenkl, 17
XXXVI. Arrian, Disc. i. 14, 1–6
XXXVII. ib. i. 14, 12–17
XXXVIII. ib. i. 15, 5
XXXIX. ib. i. 15, 6–8
XL. ib. i. 19, 19–23
XLI. Fragment, Schweigh. xlii.; Schenkl, Gn. Epict. Stob. 36
XLII. Arrian, Disc. i. 19, 24–25
XLIII. ib. i. 19, 26–29
XLIV. ib. i. 24, 20
XLV. ib. i 24, 18–22
XLVI. ib. i. 26, 15–16
XLVII. ib. i. 26, 17–18
XLVIII. ib. ii. 2, 8–9
XLIX. ib. i. 29, 46–49
L. Fragment (Stobæus); Schweigh, vii.
LI. Arrian, Disc. i. 30, 1–4
LII. ib. i. 29, 16–18
LIII. ib. iii. 1, 36–38
LIV. ib. ii. 2, 17
LV. ib ii. 1, 8 and 13
LVI. ib. ii. 5, 24–29
LVII. ib ii. 3, 1–2
LVIII. ib. ii. 7, 10–14
LIX. ib. ii. 8, 1–3
LX. ib. ii. 8, 9–14
LXI. ib. ii. 8, 15–23 and 27–28
LXII. Fragment (Stebæus); Schweigh. lvii.
LXIII. ib. ii. 12, 3–4
LXIV. ib. ii. 12, 14–25
LXV. Fragment; Schweigh. clxx. (v. Asmus, p. 20)
LXVI. Arrian, Disc. ii. 14, 10–13
LXVII. ib. ii. 14, 19–22
LXVIII. ib. ii. 14, 23–29
LXIX. ib. ii. 15, 13–14
LXX. ib. ii. 16, 32–34
LXXI. ib. ii. 16, 41–47
LXXII. ib. ii. 17, 1
LXXIII. ib. ii. 17, 29–33
LXXIV. Fragment (M. Antoninus); Schweigh. clxxviii.; Schenkl, 28
LXXV. Arrian, Disc. ii. 18, 5–12
LXXVI. ib. ii. 18, 19
LXXVII. ib. ii. 18, 27–29
LXXVIII. ib. ii. 19, 23–28
LXXIX. Manual, 37
LXXX. Arrian, Disc. ii. 21, 11–16
LXXXI. ib. ii. 24 (abbreviated)
LXXXII. ib. ii. 22, 24–27, and 29–30
LXXXIII. ib. iii. 22, 105
LXXXIV. ib. iii. 5, 7–11
LXXXV. ib. iii. 5, 16–18 (abbreviated)
LXXXVI. ib. iii. 7, 27–28
LXXXVII. ib. iii. 3, 1
LXXXVIII. Fragment (Stobæus); Schweigh. lxvii.; Schenkl, 5
LXXXIX. Arrian, Disc. iii. 3, 3–4
XC. ib. iii. 6, 8
XCI. ib. iii. 7, 30–36 (abbreviated)
XCII. ib. iii. 8, 5–6
XCIII. ib. iii. 9, 1–14 (abbreviated)
XCIV. ib. iii. 9, 16–18
XCV. ib. iii. 9, 21–22
XCVI. Fragment (Stobæus); Schweigh. lxviii.
XCVII. Arrian, Disc. iii. 10, 19–20
XCVIII. ib. iii. 14, 6–8
XCIX. ib. iii. 16, 1–8
C. ib. iii. 12, 16–17
CI. ib. iii. 13, 21
CII. ib. iii. 13, 23
CIII. ib. iii. 14, 1–3
CIV. ib. iii. 15, 2–7 and 9–12
CV. ib. iii. 19, 6
CVI. ib. iii. 20, 9–12 (abbreviated)
CVII. ib. iii. 16, 9–10
CVIII. ib. iii. 21, 17–20
CIX. ib. iii. 21, 23
CX. ib. iii. 22, 1–8
CXI. ib. iii. 22, 14–1?
CXII. ib. iii. 22, 21
CXIII. ib. iii. 22, 23–25
CXIV. ib. iii. 22, 45–49
CXV. ib. iii. 22, 53
CXVI. ib. iii. 22, 67–69
CXVII. ib. iii. 22, 83–85
CXVIII. ib. iii. 22, 86–89
CXIX. ib. iii. 22, 94–96
CXX. ib. iii. 23, 27–28
CXXI. ib. iii. 23, 30–31
CXXII. ib. iii. 24, 2
CXXIII. ib. iii. 24, 9–11
CXXIV. ib. iii. 24, 15–16
CXXV. ib. iii. 24, 31–32 and 34–35
CXXVI. ib. iii. 24, 50–53 (abbreviated)
CXXVII. ib. iii. 24, 63
CXXVIII. ib. iii. 24, 64
CXXIX. ib. iii. 24, 83
CXXX. ib. iii. 24, 86 and 89–94 (abbreviated)
CXXXI. ib. iii. 24, 95–98
CXXXII. ib. iii. 24, 99–101
CXXXIII. ib. iii. 24, 109–110
CXXXIV. ib. iii. 26, 28–30
CXXXV. ib. iii. 26, 38–39
CXXXVI. ib. iv. 1, 91–98
CXXXVII. ib. iv. 1, 99–100
CXXXIX. ib. iv. 1, 103–106
CXL. ib. iv. 1, 106–109
CXLI. ib. iv. 1, 151–155
CXLII. ib. iv. 1, 170–173
CXLIII. Fragment (Antonius Monachus); Schweigh. cxxx.
CXLIV. Arrian, Disc. iv. 3, 9–12
CXLV. ib. iv. 4, 1–5
CXLVI. ib. iv. 4, 46–47
CXLVII. ib. iv. 4, 47–48
CXLVIII. ib. iv. 5, 34–35
CXLIX. Fragment; Schweigh. xxxix.; Schenkil, Gn. Epict. Sto? 29
CL. Arrian, Disc. iv. 6, 24
CLI. ib. iv. 7, 6–11
CLII. ib. iv. 7, 19–20
CLIII. ib. iii. 5, 14
CLIV. ib. iv. 8, 16–20
CLV. ib. iv. 8, 35–37
CLVI. ib. iv. 9, 14–16
CLVII. Arrian, Disc. i. 23, 1–2
CLVIII. Manual, xiii.
CLIX. ib. xv.
CLX. ib. xvii.
CLXI. ib. xxi
CLXII. ib. xxvii.
CLXIII. ib. xxxi.
CLXIV. ib. xxxiii.
CLXV. ib. xxxiii.
CLXVI. ib. xxxiii.
CLXVII. ib. xxxiii.
CLXVIII. ib. xxxiii.
CLXIX. ib. xxxiii.
CLXX. ib. xxxiii.
CLXXI. ib. xxxiii.
CLXXII. ib. xxxv.
CLXXIII. ib. xli.
CLXXIV. ib. xliii.
CLXXV. ib. xlvi.
CLXXVI. ib. xlvii.
CLXXVII. ib. xlix.
CLXXVIII. Fragment; Schweigh. xxxi.; Schenkl, Gn. Epict. Stob. 20
CLXXIX. ib. xxxiii. and 23
CLXXX. ib. xxxiv. and 24
CLXXXI. ib. attributed to Epict. by Maximus; Schweigh. clxxiii. (v. Asmus, p. 20)
CLXXXII. ib.; Schweigh. clxxii.
CLXXXIII. ib. (Aulus Gellius); Schweigh. clxxix.; Schenkl, 10
CLXXXIV. Manual, lii.
CLXXXV. Arrian, Disc. ii. 6, 26
CLXXXVI. ib. ii. 5, 9–13
CLXXXVII. ib. i. 24, 3–9
CLXXXVIII. ib. iii. 13, 12–16
CLXXXIX. ib. iv. 10, 12–17

Index for Reference to Appendix A   
   
   
I. Schweigh. Fragment, 1; Schenkl, Gn. Epict. Stob. i.
II. ib. 2—ib. 2
III. Schweigh. 12; Schenkl, 22
IV. ib. 103
V. ib. 141
VI. ib. 142
VII. ib. 60; Schenkl, 50
VIII. ib. 65; ib. 55
IX. ib. 96
X. ib. 9; ib. 32
XI. ib. 54; Schenkl, Fragment, xxxiii.
XII. ib. 55; ib. xxxiv.
XIII. Schweigh. 104
XIV. ib. 5; Schenkl, Gn. Epict. Stob. 5
XV. ib. 114; Schenkl, Fragment, xxxv.
XVI. ib. 89; ib. xxx.
XVII. ib. 138
XVIII. ib. 13; Schenkl, Gn. Epict. Stob. 46
XIX. ib. 119
XX. ib. 144
XXI. ib. 118
XXII. ib. 88; Schenkl, ib. 67
XXIII. ib. 156
XXIV. ib. 120